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论VSP观测中的井源距选择问题

Choice of VSP offset, OGP
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摘要 在非零井源距VSP观测中,井源距是一个最重要的参数,可由以下几点说明: ·井源距变化可以引起反射波入射角的变化,对于不同的观测方式,同一反射层的入射角有不同的变化规律。不合理的井源距选择,可能导致不同观测点所接收到的同一反射层反射波的强度有很大差异,甚至出现极性反转。·强反射层的存在只是产生折射的必要条件,设计并源距时,还必须注意其它可能产生折射的反射层。·动校正拉伸是井源距选择时需考虑的重要因素。在此基础上,文中导出了动校正拉伸系数公式,提出了井源距选择的基本原则。并以实例说明,大角度入射资料的切除以及大动校正拉伸量切除的方法和效果。 Offset is the most important parameter in offset VSP survey. The reasons are as follows. Offset variation results in the variation of incident angle of seismic wave, and different observation systems cause different variations of incident angles at the same reflection interface. Improper offset makes it possible that the reflection waves which come from the same reflector but are received at different observation stations have very different strengths, even opposite polarities. Strong reflector is an important factor resulting in refraction. How- ever, other reflectors which may result in refraction must be con- sidered in designing offset. NMO correction stretching is an important factor we should consi- der in designing offset. Then the formula for calculating NMO correction stretching coeffi- cient is derived, and the basic criterion for offset choice is defined. It is illustrated how we remove big-angle incident seismic data and excessive NMO correction stretching.
出处 《石油地球物理勘探》 EI CSCD 北大核心 1991年第6期700-710,799,共12页 Oil Geophysical Prospecting
关键词 垂直地震剖面 井源距 反射波强度 动校正 vertical seismic profile (VSP) offset reflection wave strength NMO correction
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