中国实验用小型猪的培育、开发与应用

The Breeding Exploitation and Application of Chinese Miniature Experiment Pig

本项研究以中国广西、贵州引进的香猪为原始素材,通过扩群繁育,全同胞交配,连续闭锁性继代选育过程,培育了遗传背景清楚、生产性能稳定、生长发育一致的中国实验用小型猪。在此基础上,研究了该猪的生长发育规律、解剖组织学结构、生理生化常值、饲养管理特点、疾病监测、净化与控制以及在比较医学中的应用。研究结果表明:中国实验用小型猪具有体积小、繁殖力强、遗传性能稳定、适应范围广泛、饲养管理方便等特点,其某些组织解剖学结构及生理生化常值与人相似,可自发性或高脂膳食诱发产生动脉粥样硬化症(AS)。其AS病变在分布与性质上与人类高度近似,而且在药物防治实验性AS模型方面反应良好;该猪并易于进行口腔医学实验研究。其牙齿用羟基磷酸钙碘仿合剂盖髓后与人牙病理变化一致。牙齿人工龋病损与牙齿自然龋损、人牙人工龋病理表现亦很一致。该猪还适宜做微粒植皮,麻醉试验等研究;是理想的生物学、比较医学、兽医学研究的实验动物。

Introduced from Guang xi and Guei Zhou Provinces, in the south of China, a population of Chinese Miniature Pig ( commonly called Fragrant Pigs ) , with a clear genetic background, stable productive performance and uniform growth and development for experiment was developed as a result of full mating, mass and closed breeding.The growth and development pattern, anatomic and histological structures, normal physiological and biochemical indices, feeding and management control and eradication of disease and application in comparative medicine have been extensively studied. The results showed that Chinese Miniature Pigs have the unique characteristics of snall size, stabls genetic performance, high prolificacy, strong adaptability.Some anatomic and histological structures, and normal physiological and biochemical indices of the miniature pig resembled those of human beings. Atherosclerosis was produced pathologically by feeding hyperlipoid ration. The pathological changes of atherosclerosis were similar to those of human beings. The responses of experimental model to prevention with drug were significant. The miniature pigs were used for the study of stomatology. Not only were the changes of dental pulp covered by hydroxy calcium phosphate-iodoform similar to those of humans but also of artificial decayed teeth of the minipigs similar to natural and artificial decayed teeth of humans. Preliminary studies of skin grafting and anaesthesia were also made in the minipigs. It was considered that the minipigs could be used in the studies of biology, comparative medicine and veterinary medicine.