白化黑线仓鼠的培育研究

A Study on the Breeding of Albino Striped-Back Hamster (Cricetulus barabensis griseus)

在驯育过程中,我们发现了6只黑线仓鼠白化个体,经过三年半人工繁育建立了目前国内外唯一的白化黑线仓鼠种群.原种增殖采取杂合子,白化间互交,以及子代与亲代回交方式,用目睹试配与定期同居的交配方法进行繁殖扩大种群.驯育期间我们观察了动物的性周期、妊娠判断、繁殖力和幼仔的的生长发育.黑线仓鼠(Cricetulu barabensis)俗称中国地鼠是分布于我国北方的小型野生啮齿类.早在本世纪初我国就应用于医学实验。40年代末,斯万德克(Schwentker)将其引到美国,经过几年的研究获得实验室繁殖成功,现已广泛应用于遗传、肿瘤和糖尿病等的研究。目前国内亦有一些单位进行驯育。虽然黑线仓鼠在国外已培育成纯品系、糖尿病品系,但迄今未见有白他黑线仓鼠报道。我们在驯育过程中于1984年4～6月发现一对野生原种杂合子鼠繁育了2胎仔鼠(其中有白化个体6只),经过三年半人工繁育建立了目前国内外唯一的白化黑线仓鼠种群.

A couple of hamsters of wild stock of heterozygotes was discovered in the laboratory from April to June 1984 giving birth to two litters of offsprings 6 of them were albino. After deliberate breeding for more than 3.5 years, we established foundation colony of the albino hamster. An albino stock was developed by means of intercrossing of the heterozygotes hamsters with albinotic individuals and of backcrossing between filial generation and their parents. In order to expand the number of colony, hamsters were bred in such a way that they were mated under experimental conditions and pairs of females and males were allowed to cohabit for a definite period of time, During acclimatization and breeding, we observed oestrous cycle, pattern of copulation, determination of pregnancy, reproductive performance, growth and development of the young animals.