以异种抗原IFA试验检测抗间日疟原虫抗体的评价

ASSESSMENT OF HETEROLOGOUS ANTIGEN IN DETECTION OF PLASMODIUM VIVAX ANTIBODIES BY IFA TEST

用Pc抗原对间日疟和恶性疟混合流行区的间日疟患者血样进行间接荧光抗体(IFA)试验,以评价其替代Pv抗原检测抗间日疟原虫抗体的效用。以Pc、Pf及Pv抗原分别检测采自海南及云南两省的60份确诊为间日疟的患者血样,阳性符合率依次为97.0％,86.4％及97.0％,无显著差异;GMRT依次为85.9,50.8及316.0,两两相比差异均非常显著。用Pc和Pf抗原进行血清学调查,约有半数不易确诊间日疟或恶性疟,其中又有45.5％可能将间日疟误诊为恶性疟。在目前间日疟原虫尚不能体外培养的情况下,宜尽快建立间日疟动物模型或开发基因工程Pv抗原。

Plasmodium cynomolgi antigen was used for assessment of the effects on detection of antibodies to P. vivax in serum samples from vivax malaria patients in co-endemic areas of vivax and falciparum malaria infections by IFA test. Sixty-six serum samples from vivax malaria patients from Yunnan and Hainan confirmed by blood film were tested with three different Plasmodium species, i. e.,P. cynomolgi, P. falciparum and P. vivax antigens. The positive rates corresponding to the parasitological findings were 97.0%, 86.4% and 97.0% respectively; and the geometric mean reciprocal titers (GMRT) were 85.9, 50.8 and 316.0. Significant differences were found in GMRT against three different antigens. In serological survey with P. cynomolgi and P. falciparum antigens, about half of the cases were confusable between vivax and falciparum malaria infections, of which 45.5% of vivax cases might be misdiagnosised as falciparum infection. Since P. vivax cultured in vitro can not be available at present, we suggest that animal models with P. vivax infection and P. vivax antigens raised from recombinant DNA techniques should be established as soon as possible.