洞庭湖区居民行为与血吸虫病流行及防制的关系

THE RELEVANCE OF HUMAN BEHAVIOUR TO THE ENDEMICITY AND CONTROL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS JAPONICA IN DONGTING LAKE REGION

本文表明人类自身的行为与血吸虫病的流行有着密切的关系。在洞庭湖区,人类感染血吸虫病是人主动到有螺湖洲从事捕鱼、划船、放牧、打草等作业和沿湖居民日常生活接触疫水感染的。敞放的牛、猪为洞庭湖区枯水季节最主要的传染源;部份人群在水上长期流动,为涨水期的主要传染源。针对上述人类行为造成血吸虫病流行的特点,近年来在洞庭湖区对家畜、水上流动人群及本地接触疫水频繁的居民,采取了以化疗为主的防制对策,在控制居民患病率上取得了明显的效果,部份轻流行区已取得了较好的阻断传播效果。

This paper showed that there is a close relationship between human behaviour and the endemicity and control of S,japonica in Dongting Lake region. The main causes of schistosome infection for residents are fishing, boating, pasturing, cutting reeds or weeds and other daily life or productive activities such as washing, swimming, etc, on the snail infested beaches and waters. Some people as fishermen, boatmen who are constantly in contact with lake water are the main infectious sources in the flooding season. The catties and pigs which are pastured on the snail infested beaches are the main infectious sources in dry season. On the basis of these characteristics, a large scale chemotherapy for 2 sucee sive years was used as the priority control measure to the domestic animals, the moving popalation in water and people who live along the embankment of the lake. A satisfectory result on decrease of morbidity has been obtained and in some mild endemic area, even transmission could be partly interrupted.