蔗渣栽培黑木耳的研究

Research on Culture Jew's -ear (Auricularia auricula L.exhook) by Sugarcane Bagasse

针对蔗渣栽培黑木耳污染率高、产量低的问题,通过7个黑木耳菌株品比试验,筛选出优质高产的D—5菌株.表现出菌丝生活力强,日均长速达4毫米,比其他6个菌株生长快0.7—1.2毫米;子实体朵大、片厚、色泽黑.百公斤蔗渣培养料可产干耳6公斤以上,比参试菌株D—8(国内代料栽培推广种)增产50%,比D—7(国内段木栽培种)增产 88.9%.试验以0.5%依索取代蔗渣常规配方中麦麸用量(20%)的100%、75%、50%、25%4组配方,结果以取代麦麸用量的50%的配方增产效果显著,生物效率达74%,比加麦麸20%的对照配方增产21.1%,污染率从34%降至10%以下.最优配合比例以尿素0.5%、麦麸10%为佳,既节粮又省本.

To counter this tendency with low yield and high polluted rate of Jew's-ear by sugarcane bagasse, we carried out appraisal test of 7 Jew' s-ear strains. It is determinated that the strain D- 5 passesses high yielding and fine quality. The vigour of its hypha is strong. The hypha grows in 4mm. on an average in day and 0.7 -1.2mm. longer than other 6 strains. The fruit-body of the Jew's - ear leaf of D-5 is large. Its flesh is thick and tincture is black. On an everage the substance of 100kg. produces dry Jew's -ear over 6 kg. Its yield increased in 50 % than entered test strain D- 8.which is popularized by culture of substitute materials in our country.And its yield increased in 88.9% than entered test strain D- 7 , which is popularized by culture of log in our country.The fillprescription of 0.5% urea instead of 50% wheat bran has obvious effecient for increasing yield. The bio - efficiency reached by 74%. It increased 21.1% yield than control-prescription with adding 20%of wheat bran. And pollute rate reduced from 34% to 10%-indicating that urea is a fine nitrogen resource for growth of Jew's-ear. Its rate of best combination is 0.5% urea required amount and 10% required amount of wheat bran. It is save on food and cost.