我国抽、排(突)岩溶地下水引起地面塌陷的研究现状

PRESENT STUDY CONDITIONS OF GROUND COLLAPSE INDUCED BY PUMPING, DRAINING (BURSTING) KARST GROUND WATER IN OUR COUNTRY

本文根据近些年来的资料,就抽、排(突)岩溶地下水引起地面塌陷的形成机理预测、防治的研究现状给予概要综述。

In this paper the present study conditions of ground collapse induced by pumping, draining (bursting) karst groundwater in our country was synthesized. There are two kinds of explanation for the forming mechansim of ground collapse: suffosion and vacuum attracting erosion, The lowering of groundwatcr level by pumping, draining (bursting) is the common function for these two. But suffosion is induced by quick increasing of hydraulic gradient so that the soil grains are brought out from the soil mass overlying on karst rocks that ground collapse lake place. And the second one is owing to the suddenly, extensively lowering of groundwater level that makes a vacuum and destroys the structure of soil mass, disintegrates overlying soil and induces ground collapse.Forecasting of the karst ground collapse is the important role for control this geological hazard. Modelling technique, multi-element statistical technique on the base of geologi-cal-hydrogcological analysis and numerical technique are the common methods for this forecasting studies.The control countcrmeasures to this geological hazard are as follows : control water bursting in mining pit and drain groundwalcr from pit slowly, lake the natural air-filling method to prevent the vacuum attracting erosion, resonably pump the karst ground water for water supply etc.