中日联合阿尼玛卿山医学科学考察——人在极高高原的生理研究

CHINA-JAPAN JOINT MEDICAL RESEARCH EXPEDITION TO MT. ANYMAQEN

为了探讨人在极高高原的低氧生理适应,考察队在急速进抵阿尼玛卿山(海拔6282m)进行了一项综合性的生理学研究。在4个不同海拔(2261m,3719m,4 904m及5 200m)动态地检测了静息及运动负荷下的心肺功能、心电图改变、运动动脉血氧饱和度、球结膜微循环、神经反应时、睡眠特征、凝血因子、能量消耗与体重丧失,急性高山病的发生率及生理学评价指标,同时进行了低氧动物实验研究。本研究获取了大量有意义的高原生理资料,特别在若干生理反应和急性高山病的发生率上在汉族队员与藏族世居者间存在明显差别,提示他们生理适应方式的差别和高原藏族的适应优势。

In order to study the physiological responses that produce hypoxic acclimatization during man rapidly ascend to very hing altitude,a complex physiological studies were performed at Mt. Anymaqen(6 282m). The experi- mental subjects including Japanese (live ar sea level),Chinese Han(living in moderat altitude)and Tibetan natives (high altitude ingenous residents). Measurment were performed at four sites(2 261m,3 719m, 4 904m, and 5 200m above sea level). Studies were carried out on pulmonary and cardiac function at rest and during exercise (VO_2submax),ECG changes,exercise and arterial oxygen saturation, microcirculation in the conjuntivae, tests of nervous reaction, characteristics of sleep, coagulation factors. energy expenditure and weight loss, the incidence rate of AMS and the physiologic discrimination index of AMS,and hypoxic animal experimental studies. The results showed that the physiological changes and the incidence rate of AMS were significant differences between Han mountaineers and Tibetan natives. Its suggest that the adaptative forms were difference in different high altitude populations,and some adaptability for hypoxic environment were acquired in Tibetan native s.