健身运动对儿童认知、大脑功能和学业表现的效益

Effects of exercise on cognition,brain function,and academic performance in children

许多研究已发现健身运动或身体素质可正向影响认知与大脑功能,而其效益亦于近年推展至儿童及其学业表现。文章对健身运动与儿童认知、大脑功能以及学业表现等方面进行简要回顾,发现急性健身运动可有效促进儿童的认知功能与大脑神经电位的改变,其对于特定学业表现亦有所帮助;而长期健身运动的参与、有氧健身、甚至是其他成分之身体素质,亦可促进儿童的认知功能或与学业表现呈正相关,且所诱发的神经电位改变在涵盖执行控制功能之认知功能更为明显。鉴于儿童健身运动与认知功能相关指标研究的正向初步证据及其间复杂关系,未来进一步探究将有其重要性和必要性。

A number of studies have indicated that there are beneficial effects of exercise and its resulting physical fitness on cognitive and brain functions.Recent studies have extended these benefits of exercise to include academic achievement in children.The purpose of this paper is to review briefly current relevant studies investigating the effect of exercise on cognition,brain functions,and academic achievement in children.The results reveal that acute exercise may improve cognitive functions,brain neuroelectric activity,and specific academic performance in children.Regarding chronic exercise,participants in long-term exercise,high status of aerobic fitness and other physical fitness components may also gain cognitive benefits in terms of improved behavioral,neuroelectric and academic levels.Additionally,these changes are more evident in cognitive tasks related to executive control.Accordingly,based upon the positive preliminary evidence derived from examining the complex relationship between exercise and cognitive function in children,it is important and necessary to conduct further this research within this investigative framework.