浅埋综放开采煤层裂隙与工作面方位匹配的物理模拟与应用

Physical simulation and engineering practice of cracks in coal mass matching with working face by fully-mechanized sublevel caving mining in shallow-buried coal seam

根据路天煤矿二采区1604工作面煤层赋存条件,运用1∶25的大比例物理模拟试验,定量研究了浅埋深煤层裂隙组数及其与工作面方位匹配对顶煤放出率的影响规律。研究结果表明:①顶煤放出率随裂隙组数的增加呈线性规律提高。与无裂隙煤体相比,含有单组、双组和三组裂隙的煤体,顶煤放出率分别提高18%,26%和35%。②单组裂隙时,随着裂隙方位与工作面夹角的增大,顶煤放出率呈线性规律降低。裂隙与工作面平行时,顶煤放出率最高,为70%。③双组裂隙时,随着次裂隙方位与工作面夹角的增大,顶煤放出率呈线性规律降低。主裂隙垂直、次裂隙平行于工作面时,顶煤放出率最高,为79%。④三组裂隙时,随着次次裂隙与工作面夹角的增大,顶煤放出率呈线性规律降低。主裂隙垂直、次裂隙斜交、次次裂隙平行于工作面时,顶煤放出率最高,为86%。将研究结果应用于1604工作面,取得了显著的经济效益,为具有相同条件的煤矿合理设计工作面的推进方向提供了参考依据。

Based on the condition of No. 16 coal seam of No. 4 mining area of Lutian Coal Mine,the influence law of crack groups and crack azimuth matching with working face on caving ratio of top coal was quantitative analyzed by1 ∶ 25 physical simulation. Some conclusion was drawn as follows: The caving ratio of top coal increases in a linear law with the crack groups. The caving ratio of top coal is improved 18%,26% and 35% in the condition of one crack group,two crack groups and three crack groups comparing with no crack. The caving ratio of top coal decreases in a linear law with angle of crack azimuth and working face. The caving ratio of top coal decreases in a linear law with angle of secondary crack azimuth and working face. when the crack paralleling to the working face,the caving ratio of top coal is highest,70% in the condition of one crack group. The caving ratio of top coal decreases in a linear law with angle of third crack azimuth and working face. when the master crack perpendicular to the working face and the secondary crack paralleling to the working face,the caving ratio of top coal is highest,79% in the condition of two crack groups. when the master crack perpendicular to the working face,the secondary crack oblique the working face,the third crack paralleling to the working face,the caving ratio of top coal is highest,86% in the condition of three crack groups. The remarkable economical effects have been achieved by application of the physical simulation results to theworking face 1604 and the results can provide reference for the other coal mine which has the same condition to design the advance direction of working face.