保险标的危险增加通知义务新探

New exploration to increased risk insured for obligation of notice

作为我国保险法上的一项重要义务,危险通知是指在保险责任期间,一旦保险标的发生保险事故的危险程度显著增加,投保人或被保险人应该及时的通知保险人。这一义务是对保险人的不利益进行救济,旨在恢复保险合同的对价平衡,可以有效的控制风险,促进保险事业的健康可持续发展。作为一种法律事实,危险增加有其特定的要素,并不是一发生危险增加的事项就对投保人或被保险人构成危险通知义务,我国《保险法》中有关于危险增加通知义务的规定,但是规定过于原则化,在实践中操作性不强,司法审判实践中难以对当事人之间的纠纷定纷止争。本文主要对危险通知义务的基本理论进行概述,在此基础上对危险增加的构成要件进行分析,最后对危险增加通知义务的履行及怠于履行的法律后果进行阐述。

As an important obligation of the insurance law of our country, risk notice refers to the period of insurance, once the insurance mark insurance accident risk increased significantly, the applicant or the insured shall notify the insurer. This obligation is to the insurer does not interest, to restore the insurance contract, the balance of the price, can effectively control risk, To promote the healthy and sustainable development of the insurance industry. As a legal fact, increased risk has its specific elements, and not an increased risk of events is dangerous duty of notification to the applicant or the insured,"insurance law"of our country has increased the risk of the obligation of notification about rules, but the provisions are too principle, operability is not strong in judicial practice, In judicial practice, it is difficult to settle disputes among the parties. This paper summarizes the basic theory of risk the obligation of notification, on this basis, to increase the risk of the components of the analysis, the risk increased performance and failure notification obligations to fulfill the legal consequences.