职教主义浪潮与美国高等教育

The Losing and Regression of American Higher Education in the Tide of Vocationalism Education

伴随工业的迅猛发展,美国高校变成了工业社会的服务站,沦为培养技术员的职业学校,丧失了理性,陷入专业主义、孤立主义和反理智主义的困境。面对在职教主义浪潮冲击下的美国大学,赫钦斯高举人文主义的大旗,认为美国大学应成为真正的学问中心,实行以形而上学、社会科学和自然科学的基本问题为教学内容的通识教育,这样才能使美国大学回归到传统大学的正途。面对今天的中国大学状况,重读"不合时宜的真理"的《美国高等教育》,深受启发,其中许多言论虽是昨日之语却又像是指斥今日之弊。

With the rapid development in industry, colleges and universities in USA have become service centers of the industrial society, which are vocational schools for training technicians falling into the corner of specialism, isolationism and anti-intellectualism. Faced with the situation that American universities lost their way in the tide of vocationalism education, Hutchins R.M. places a great emphasis on the humanism banner, advocates that universities should become centers of real knowledgeable carrying out the liberal education with the fundamental content of metaphysics, social and natural science. By this, it is possible to make American universities turn back toward the traditional true path. Reconsidering Chinese universities today, we can seek the higher education in USA called"out-of-time truth" to give our enlightenment, in which a lot of past remarks denounced seem to criticize the contemporary situation.