临县碛口方言音系及语音特点

Phonology and Phonological Features of Qikou Dialect in Linxian County

碛口镇是临县的一个重要古镇,也是全国历史文化名镇之一及山西重要旅游景点。临县方言属于晋语吕梁片汾州小片,碛口话在语音方面具有该片方言的共同特点之外,同时具有自身的一些特点。碛口方言有24个声母,40个韵母,6个单字调。与临县城区话、三交话相比,声母方面碛口话没有[v]声母,不分尖团音;韵母方面没有儿化韵以及几组字的韵母与临县话、三交话明显不同。与普通话相比,声母比普通话多[z]、[η]两个辅音声母,碛口话[η]声母的字在普通话中读零声母[];韵母方面,碛口方言没有前鼻音韵母[-n],有入声韵;声调方面,比普通话多阴入和阳入两个调类。

Qikou is a key town in Linxian County and it has become a well-known history town in China.Linxian dialect,categorized as an embranchment of the Jin dialect as a whole for similar pronunciation,has its own characters.Qikou dialect is consisted of 24 initials,40 finals and 6 tones.Compared with the dialects of Linxian County and Sanjiao town,Qikou dialect excludes the sounds of [v] and shows vague differences of both Jianyin and Tuanyin.Besides,there is no retroflex final vowel.Compared to the mandarin,two more sounds ——[z] and [η]——than Mandarin consonants.Qikou [η] is pronounced as []in Mandarin.In vowels,there are no finals ,but entering finals.In tone,there are two more tones than mandarin Chinese ——Yinru and Yangru.