青藏高原特有植物分子谱系地理学研究现状

Status of Phylogeography research on endemic plants of Tibetan Plateau

分子谱系地理学是研究物种或近缘物种遗传谱系地理格局和历史成因机制的一种研究方法。通过重建物种进化历史过程可探讨以往地质事件、地形地貌和气候变化对生物物种形成、分化和扩散的影响。文章通过对近几年来青藏高原特有植物分子谱系地理学研究所取得重要成果的介绍,探讨了高原特有植物谱系地理结构,分析和总结了冰期高原植物微型避难所分布格局、居群各分支分化时间和冰期后回迁和扩散模式等。这些研究结果表明,青藏高原不同植物物种具有不同的冰期避难所分布格局和历史扩散特征。

Phylogeography is a method of study on geographical pattern of genetic lineage within species and among closely related species and its mechanism of historical causes.The influences of past geological events,topography and climatic change on biological species formation,differentiation and dispersal could be explored by reconstructing history of evolutionary process.In this paper,the features of phylogeography structures of endemic plants and micro-refugia distribution pattern during the glacial epoch in the plateau were discussed by summarizing a series of recently published papers of phylogeography of endemic plants in the Tibetan Plateau.The results showed that geomorphic and historical climatic changes greatly affected on the phylogeography structure of plateau regional plants,and the population micro-refugia and expansion vary in space and time in different endemic plants on Tibetan Plateau.