清代民间寡妇再嫁与亡夫家族紧张关系探析

The Tension between Widows and Their Husband’s Family on Remarriage in Qing Dynasty

清代民间寡妇再嫁与亡夫家族利益息息相关。围绕寡妇再嫁问题,寡妇与亡夫家族很多时候矛盾尖锐,亡夫家族往往会违背寡妇意愿强嫁寡妇,有时寡妇也会绕过亡夫家族自主改嫁,即便是再嫁目标一致,双方也会因为利益分配、再嫁方式等原因各执己见。寡妇生活的依赖性与守节思想的自由性之间的矛盾、寡妇身份归属完全性与夫家情感接纳有限性的不同步、法律规范下寡妇再嫁与夫家受财主体的不一致性是导致这种紧张关系出现的深刻原因。从紧张关系中也可看出清代寡妇虽为弱势,却已不乏权利意识的社会现实。

The remarriage of a widow was closely related to the interests of late husband's family.There were many acerb contradictions between the widow and her late husband's family around the remarriage of the widow .The late husband's family often compelled the wid-ow to marry again,but sometimes the widow would remarry while the late husband's family disagreed with the decision ,even when the goal of the remarriage of the widow was same , they both would hold apiece an opinion on benefit distribution ,the model of remarriage and the widow's remarriage object .Some profound reasons caused the tensions mentioned previously:the contradictions between the de-pendence of the widows in their lives and the freedom not to marry again;the contradictions between the completeness of the ownership of the widow identity and the finiteness of emotional adoption by her husband's family;the inconsistency of the remarriage of the widow and the betrothal gift belonging to late husband's family in the laws.But this tension reflected the Qing Dynasty widow was weak ,they were not lack of the awareness of the right of social reality .