抗弓形虫药物的类型和作用机制

TYPES AND MECHANISMS OF ANTI-TOXOPLASMOSIS DRUGS

弓形虫病是一种危害严重的人畜共患病,人和动物的弓形虫感染呈全球性分布,其感染人可导致孕妇出现流产、死胎、畸胎和弱智儿,能引起免疫功能缺陷或低下病人死亡。且给畜牧业发展造成巨大的经济损失。传统抗弓形虫药物几乎都存在着不能完全杀死虫体及包囊,停药后的复发率较高以及对免疫功能缺陷患者基本无治疗效果等诸多不足。因此,研制和开发一种高效,低毒专用于动物的抗弓形虫药物迫在眉睫。笔者就不同类别抗弓形虫药物的作用机制及效果进行阐述,并对其发展前景进行展望,为新型抗弓形虫药物研制提供参考。

Toxoplasmosis is a widespread zoonosis,which can be a hazard to the health of human being.Congenital toxoplasmosis is especially harmful to pregnant women because it can cause abortion,stillbirth,abnormality of fetus,thinking barrier and can be lethal for immuno-compromised patients.Toxoplasmosis also leads to a great loss to livestock industry.Unfortunately,traditional antitoxoplasmosis drugs have lots of defects,such as incapability of completely killing worms and oocysts,frequent recurrence and failure in immuno-compromised individuals.Therefore,it is imminent to develop new anti-toxoplasma drugs with more effectiveness and less toxicity.The article reviews types and mechanisms of the currently used anti-toxoplasma drugs and outlines prospectives in developing new drugs.