比较哲学视域中的庄子哲学——以郝大维、安乐哲为对象的考察

Chuang Tzu in the View of Comparative Philosophy:the Chuang Tzu Study of David Hall and Roger Ames

汉学家郝大维、安乐哲运用比较哲学的理论和方法对庄子哲学进行了思考和研究。他们发现在"自我"、"真"、"道"或"天"等一系列核心概念和关键问题上庄子哲学与西方哲学存在深层次的差异,这些差异背后则是中西方哲学在世界观、思维模式上的不同预设。以"比较哲学"的视野研究庄子哲学,一定程度上避免了以西方的概念和框架束缚庄子哲学的缺陷,即从中国哲学本身来理解中国哲学,但是这种研究理论和方法同样存在一些问题,它过分强调双方差异性,过于重视比较哲学理论的构建,而把《庄子》文本的细读置于次要地位,使庄子哲学本身丰富的内涵和面向被人为限定了。依此看,中西方哲学的交流尚需深化。

David Hall and Roger Ames have studied the philosophy of Chuang Tzu in the view of comparative philosophy.They find that there are deep differences between Chuang Tzu philosophy and western philosophy in the key concepts,such as self,truth and Tian.These differences come from the different cosmologies and thinking models in China and western countries.The studies of David Hall and Roger Ames can prevent the ethnocentrism and Cultural reductionism in philosophy study.However,there are still some problems in their study.They emphasize the difference between Chinese philosophy and western philosophy excessively.They concentrate on the constructing of comparative philosophy,and look down upon the detail of Chuang Tzu,which lead to the rich content of Chuang Tzu being ignored.