西藏“一江两河”荒漠化地区“三料”问题解决途径分析

Resolve Pathway Analysis on Fodder-Fertilizer-Fuel Problem in Desertification Area of Centre Tibet Autonomous Region

西藏自治区的腹心地带的西藏"一江两河"中部流域地区面临着严重的沙质荒漠化威胁,"燃料、饲料、肥料"三料匮乏是造成荒漠化的主要的主导性人为因素。本文就三料问题与荒漠化的关系及各自解决途径进行了初步分析,总结了解决燃料问题须依靠太阳能、沼气、建设薪炭林等措施;肥料问题的解决主要依靠秸秆还田、有机肥积造与使用、保护性耕作等;重点对饲料问题的解决提出了农区种草、牧区销售、牧区繁育的模式,农区利用冬闲夏末和调整种植结构发展饲料作物生产。从导致荒漠化的源头入手遏制荒漠化的发展趋势。

Centre Tibet face to the serious desertification threaten problem,it is because the Fodder Fertilizer and Fuel deficient in this area. The paper analyses the relationship between the Fodder-Fertilizer-Fuel problem and desertification,and summarized the Resolve Pathway on fuel problem should depend solar energy,biogas and building firewood etc measures; to resolved the fertilizer problem mainly depend straw back field,using manure and 0-tillage conservation tillage system etc; stress on resolve fodder problem aspect,present the development model: plant fodder crop in farming area and sell the fodder production to animal husbandry area,livestock to fatten in animal husbandry area,in farming area developing fodder crop by planting in free winter and end summer to adjust the crop structure method; from the source of desertification to control the desertification development tendency.