清代学术称谓考——从近代学者的论述谈起

Appellations of the Qing Dynasty's Learning: Writings of the Modern Scholars' Studies

近代学者对清代学术的研究首推章太炎,但是真正开始关注清代学术称谓问题的则是刘师培,他的《近代汉学变迁论》对"汉学"释名,开启了近代学者对清代学术称谓的大讨论。胡适、柳诒徵、傅斯年、钱穆等学者纷纷阐释"汉学"、"考据学"、"朴学"之名来称呼清代学术的不合适性。而梁启超以"清学"来代称清代学术被后来诸多学者所采纳,并且为我们今天讨论清代学术称谓问题提供了借鉴。

Zhang Taiyan was the first scholar to study the Qing Dynasty's learning.But he didn't concern on the problem about the appellations of the Qing Dynasty's learning.Liu Shipei was the first one who was really interested in the relative issues.It was in 'The Han School of Classical Philology' he interpreted it as 'Han School of Learning',which started a discussion on the appellations of learning in Qing Dynasty.Many scholars participated in the discussion,such as Hu Shi,Liu Yizheng,Fu Sinian,Qian Mu and so on.They pointed out that 'puxue' or 'hanxue' or 'kaojuxue' to name the Qing Dynasty's learning wasn't appropriate.And Liang Qichao's 'Qingxue' was adopted by many later scholars,and provided a reference for us to discuss the appellations of the Qing Dynasty's Learning nowadays.