汇聚还是分散:区域高校布局的价值选择

Accumulation or Scattering:Value Orientation on Distribution of Regional Colleges

区域高校布局研究一直存在区域高校积聚论和区域高校分散论两种观点。区域高校积聚论的理论支撑在于产业集群理论,区域高校分散论的理论支撑在于教育公平及有利于地区经济增长和形成经济发展极,而这两种主要观点均存在着问题。在分析这两种观点后,认为区域高校布局的价值取向应是多元目标的组合:要立足于高等教育系统内部,有利于实现教育公平和教育效率的综合效益最大化;要实现区域内高校的合作与分工,促进本地区高等教育整体发展;要将区域高等教育看成是社会系统的一个组成部分,促进本地区高等教育与区域经济的良性互动,发挥区域高等教育对区域经济发展的贡献力。

There has been two diametrically opposite views of accumulation and scattering on the study of distribution of regional colleges and universities:regional universities accumulation theory and regional universities scattering theory.The theoretical support of the regional universities accumulation theory is the industrial cluster theory.And the base of regional universities scattering theory lies in fairness of education and is conducive to regional economic growth as well as the formation of economic development poles.However,both viewpoints are problematic.In the analysis of these two views,that the value orientation on distribution of regional colleges and universities should be a combination of multiple goals:Distribution of regional colleges and universities should be based on the internal system of higher education,which is helpful to achieve education equity and maximize comprehensive benefits of education efficiency;The distribution should also focus on the cooperation and division of regional colleges and universities in order to promote the overall development of higher education;Furthermore,it should be based on the regional higher education being an integral part of the social system to promote positive interaction between the regional higher education and regional economic development,then making the contribution of regional higher education to regional economic development.