论抗战时期大后方民歌民谣之兴盛及缘由

On the Prosperity and Reason of Folk Song and Folk Rhyme in the Rear Area during the Anti-Japanese War

抗战时期大后方的民歌民谣是抗战文学的重要组成部分,在文学和社会影响上都做出了突出的特殊贡献。由于社会历史和政治等因素的影响,大后方的民歌民谣长期无人问津,成为抗战文学研究的一个空白。应从当时的文学实际出发,从历史主义的民族立场和民族文学观来予以评价。其兴盛主要体现在四方面:一是创作时间持续久长,作者众多作品量大;二是地域分布广,影响范围大;三是题材内容社会性强,丰富深刻;四是文学形式灵活多样,精彩纷呈。其兴盛原因主要有下述几点:一是适应抗战文学需求的文学特性,二是文学社团和机构组织的大力推动,三是理论界的强烈支持倡导,四是社会各界人士积极参与创作,五是出版界的鼎力相助等。

Folk song and folk rhyme in the rear area during the anti-Japanese war is an important part of the anti-Japanese literature which has made outstanding contributions to the literary and social influences.Due to the impacts of social historical and political factors,it is not cared for a long time and has become a blank item in the study of the anti-Japanese literature.However,it should be evaluated from the literary reality at that time and from the national stand and literary concept of historicism.Its prosperity is mainly reflected in four aspects: first,the duration is long,the authors are many and the number is large;second,the geographical distribution is wide,and the influence range is wide;third,the material themes are highly social,rich and profound;fourth,the literary forms are flexible,various and brilliant.The reasons for its prosperity are mainly as following: first,it adapts to the needs of the literary characteristics during the anti-Japanese war;second,the vigorous promotion of literary societies and organizations;people from all walks of life actively participate in the creation;fourth,the strong advocacy and support in theory field;fifth,the generous help of the publishing industry.