抗血管内皮生长因子药物辅助治疗眼内新生血管性疾病的现状与展望

Intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs as adjunctive treatment for ocular neovascular diseases:status and prospect

眼内新生血管性疾病是一类病程中涉及新生血管生成的难治性疾病,目前尚无特异性治疗手段,如不及时干预会造成严重的不可逆的视力损害。抗血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)药物玻璃体腔内注射是近十年眼科治疗领域的重大进展之一,现已成为治疗湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性的一线用药。抗VEGF药物以其独特的药理作用,在其他眼内新生血管性疾病的作用越来越受重视。目前,眼科医生已将Pegaptanib、Bevacizumab、Ranibizumab、VEGF trap等抗VEGF药物作为激光、手术等传统治疗的辅助手段应用于治疗糖尿病视网膜病变、视网膜静脉阻塞、早产儿视网膜病变、新生血管性青光眼、Coat's病,并取得了一定的效果;一些临床研究也正在进行中。尽管展现出广阔的应用前景,抗VEGF药物的应用中仍有一些具体问题尚需解决,需要进一步深入研究。

Ocular neovascular diseases are a group of refractory diseases characterized by neovascularization, and now there is no specific treatment for them .Without timely intervention, they can lead to severe and irreversible vision impairment.Intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor( VEGF) drugs is one of the greatest advances in the field of ophthalmology of recent years.As the first choice to treat wet age related macular degeneration, anti-VEGF drugs, with its particular pharmacologic effect, have gained more and more attention and popularity in treating other ocular neovascular diseases.Now ophthalmologists are using Pegatanib, Avastin, Lucentis and VEGF trap as an adjunctive therapy of photocoagulation and surgery for diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion , neovascular glaucoma, retinopathy of prematurity and Coat′s disease, and in many cases the therapy has been proved effective. Meanwhile, some clinic trials are ongoing.While the use of anti-VEGF drugs for these diseases is promising, there are still many questions to be answered, and further studies are still needed.This article focuses on the intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs as adjunctive treatment for ocular vacular diseases and current problems.