神经干细胞的分化及其在眼科领域的研究进展

Differentiation of Neural Stem Cell and Its Research in Ophthalmology

神经干细胞是处于神经组织细胞谱系顶端的细胞,具有高度自我更新能力,可分化为神经元、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞,具有广阔的临床应用前景。神经干细胞在维持与分化过程中受到细胞因子、细胞信号通路、表观遗传学、细胞周期等多种因素的影响,阐明这其中的机制是近些年神经干细胞研究的主要方向,同时也是神经干细胞广泛应用的基础。笔者主要就影响神经干细胞分化的相关因素及其在眼科的研究进展进行综述。

The neural stem cell( NSC) is at the origin of cells in nervous tissue. It has high selfrenewal capacity and can differentiate into neurons,astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. It has broad prospects of clinical application. It is very important to elucidate the mechanism that how the cytokines,cell signaling pathways,epigenetics and cell cycle affect the maintenance and differentiation of NSC. And it is the foundation of application of NSC. This review covers major areas of the factors affecting the differentiation of NSCs and its research progress in ophthalmology.