残疾儿童福利制度转型思路探讨

Welfare reform for the Disabled Children and Its Transformation in China

对残疾儿童来说,能力发展与生存保障同等重要。如果残疾儿童仅享有生存自由,却不能享有发展的自由,则不能获得真正的自由。在残疾人群体的总量当中,残疾儿童是最具有能力开发价值的群体。能力开发对残疾儿童生活与发展前途至关重要,通过能力开发,残疾儿童的活动能力和社会交往能力均能够一定程度地增强,这有利于他们更好地参与社会生活,实现自己的人生价值。当前,我国残疾儿童福利制度有必要转变思路,将残疾儿童福利制度建设从供养转移到能力开发上来,在保障生存权的基础上实现残疾儿童的发展权,以公平、发展为核心理念、以能力开发作为核心导向构建一个对残疾儿童更为有利的福利制度体系。

For the disabled children, ability development and survival guarantee are equally important. If only with the right of survival freedom for disabled children, they could not enjoy freedom of development, then they cannot gain the real freedom. In the total amount of the disabled groups, the disabled children are the group that has greatest value to develop. Ability development is essential to the life and future for disabled children. Disabled children could enhance the ability of activity and social interaction through the ability development. So that will help them to participate in social life and better realize their life values. At present, it is necessary for China to change the way of thinking on disabled children welfare system, and swift the focus of construction from supporting to capacity developing. Its goal is to better ensure the right to life on the basis of the right to development, and build a better welfare system of disabled children in the main idea of fair and development and with ability development oriented reform.