《狂人日记》叙事学新解

New Interpretation of the Narration of Diary of A Madman

学术界对《狂人日记》叙事学解析存在一些问题,尤其是对序的忽视或误解。只有在细读序的基础上,才能深入文本的叙事结构,洞悉叙事者、叙事接受者、人物角色之间的多重复杂关系。由此可以看出,《狂人日记》并非如一些论者所言,是独白性的、只有两个时间系统。而实际上是具有多重对话关系和三个时间系统。并且"癫狂"、"眼光"等行动元对文本的叙事结构等具有重要作用。

Some problems exist in the narrative analysis of Diary of A Madman,including the negligence and misunderstanding in the writing of preface. By reading the preface in detail, the text′s structure of narration, multi - complex relations between narrator and narrative receiver and character role can be understood clearly. So Diary of A Madman is not a monologue with two time systems, instead,it has multi - dialogue relations and three time systems; meanwhile, "crazy" and "eyesight" play an important role in the text′s structure of the narration.