用食品废弃物培养淡紫拟青霉的研究

Studies on the Culturing Paecilomyces lilacinus by Using Leftovers

用剩饭和西瓜皮、菠萝皮、香蕉皮等多种果皮制成的培养基 ,淡紫拟青霉都能在其上生长 ,它们的生物学特征与标准培养基 (PDA)上长出的生物学特征比较相差无几 ,其中以西瓜皮最佳 ,表明利用果皮做原料生产淡紫拟青霉菌剂具有巨大潜力 .用淘米水代替玉米粉、麦皮进行振荡培养 ,制成的菌剂孢子密度达到每g样品 10 8～ 10 9数量级 ,完全符合菌剂质量标准 ,甚至超过用常规培养料制成的菌剂 .用淘米水振荡培养、剩面条固体发酵的菌剂 ,以 0 1g ,0 2g ,0 4g和 0 8g分别拌入灭菌土 ,各接种 30 6粒根结线虫卵 ,各移入 2株番茄苗 ,经 5 0d后翻盆解剖根系 ,施 0 8g菌剂的虫瘿、雌虫和卵块均明显减少 。

The growth of Paecilomyces lilacinus was studied on the medium of leftovers, skins of different fruits such as watermelon, pineapple and banana. It showed that there was no much difference between biological character of Paecolomyces lilacinus on these medium and biological character of Paecilomyces lilacinus on PDA. There is great potential to produce Paecilomyces lilacinus by using the skins of fruits. The spore density of fungal products on the culture of washed water of rice was 10 8 to 10 9 per gram, which reached quality standard of the fungal products, even much higher than those products on routine medium. The fungal products with different weight (0 1 g, 0 2 g, 0 4 g and 0 8 g) were added to pots which contained 306 root knot nematode eggs and two tomato seedlings. After 50 days, the galls, female nematodes and egg sacs parasitizing roots in 0 8 g pot obviously reduced. It indicated that the Paecilomyces lilacinus produced with the waste of food is the good biological nematocide.