生态批评视角下的当代美国小说(英文)

Nature in the Contemporary American Novel

本文主要从生态批评与生态女权主义批评的视角来研究当代美国小说。作者综述了20世纪70年代以来生态批评的发展史以及生态批评内部的理论冲突,特别考察了生态批评如何把自然科学与人文学科结合起来,以及如何拓展了历史、政治、心理学以及源自新历史主义和文化研究的物质文化的内涵。作者论述了生态批评如何对当代美国文学中的重要主题、风格以及所关注的问题进行了修正,并从生态批评的角度出发分析了美国70年代以来各种类型的小说作品.如现实主义、后现代主义、族裔小说、魔幻现实主义、女权主义、悬疑小说、惊险小说、科幻小说、玄想小说。

The paper begins with a brief.overview of an internationally expan- ding field of literary,ethical,and cultural study:ecocriticism,including at- tention to the issue of gender as manifested in the interrelation of gender and nature in ecofeminism.Combining attention to its historical development since 1970 with key theoretical conflicts among its practitioners,it sets up the sig- nificance of this field for the study of contemporary American novels.In par- ticular,it considers the ways that ecocriticism brings additional fields of sci- ence into the humanities and the way that it extends the inclusion of history, politics,psychology,and material culture from new Historicism and cultural studies.It then turns from that overview and elaboration to show the ways that ecocriticism conducts a revisioning of key themes,styles,and concerns within contemporary literary production,not just of'serious'literature,but also of popular'genre'fiction.To that end it includes examples of post-1970 novels that would be labeled realist,postmodernist,ethnic,magic realist, feminist,mystery,thriller,science fiction,and fantasy.