从背叛天主到遁入东方道教——尤金·奥尼尔的宗教意识发展历程

From Betrayal of Catholicism to Escape into Daoism:The Course of Eugene O'Neill's Development of Religious Ideas

美国戏剧大师奥尼尔的宗教意识非常复杂,受尼采思想、家庭变故和时代动荡的影响,奥尼尔的宗教意识大致经历了信奉天主教、背叛与犯罪、惭愧与赎罪、皈依与融合以及遁入东方道教等几个阶段。这种复杂的宗教意识发展毫无例外地渗透在他的戏剧作品中,并通过必要的舞台手段或隐或显地体现了出来。揭示奥尼尔的复杂多变的宗教意识,对于研究奥尼尔作品的思想内涵和艺术手法具有重要的意义。

The religious ideas of Eugene O'Neill,the American master of drama, are very complicated.Deeply influenced by Nietzsche,family mischief and social vicissitudes,the evolution of Eugene O'Neill's religious ideas underwent the following periods:belief in Catholicism,betrayal and crime,remorse and atonement,conversion and integration and the final escape into the oriental Daoism.The development of'his complex religious ideas are unexceptionally pervasive in his plays and represented on stage through some dramatic devices. The revelation of these complicated evolution of religious ideas is of vital significance to the study of O'Neill's drama.