西式政体、理论“水土不服”的印度案例——民族宗教冲突和国家统一隐患缘何痼疾难愈

Western Political System and Theory Do Not Suit India's Conditions——Reasons for the Constant Ethnic Religious Conflicts and Hidden Risks

印度独立至今尚未出现分疆裂土的大动乱,不等于它的行政体制能经受得起政治大动乱的考验而有效维护国家统一。印度民族宗教冲突经久难治,除了其历史渊源之外,西式政体、西式民族理论与政策对印度的影响可谓深远。再加上印度在民族构成、语言文字和宗教信仰方面严重缺乏统一性,导致了印度独立后的国内政区划分指导思想深陷误区,不仅提高了商业成本,更从国内、国际两个方面大大提高了长期的政治性风险,给国家统一埋下了深远的隐患。

Since its independence,there has never appeared any upheaval in India that aims to divide the country.But this is not equal to say that its administrative system can withstand the test of political turmoil and effectively safeguard national unity.India's ethnic and religious conflicts have been long-standing and difficult to resolve.In addition to its historical reasons,Western policy and national theory have had far-reaching influences on India.What is more,there is a serious lack of unity in India's ethnic composition,language and religion,which leads to the extremely wrong guiding principles for dividing domestic administrative areas after its independence.This has not only raised the business costs,but more importantly,greatly improved the long-term political risks at home and abroad,thus creating a hidden danger to national unity.