中国当代村民自治研究素描——基于对两本主流期刊论文的文本分析

A Sketch of China's Contemporary Research on “Villagers' Autonomy”

20世纪80年代,农民自发建立了自己的基层自治组织——村民委员会,这一实践得到国家的肯定,村民自治随后在全国范围内推开。作为中国社会主义民主最广泛、最深刻的一次实践,村民自治从一开始就引发了众多研究者关注,"乡村政治"也第一次进入了学者的视野。学者们从理论与实践的角度出发,展开了较为广泛的研究,对村民自治的依据、现状、问题、出路等做出了描述与分析,取得了一些成果。但是,在这一过程中,却缺乏对于以往研究的整理、总结及反思,谁在关注村民自治?关注哪些问题?村治研究存在哪些问题与不足?该从哪些方向改进?本文即从对这样一些问题的思考出发,运用文献计量与内容分析的方法,对两本主流核心期刊中的论文进行了文本分析,并得出"中国当前村民自治的研究仍处于起步阶段"的结论,并具体分析了须加以改进的方面,以期对完善和发展当前的村治研究起到一定的指导与参考意义。

In the 1980s,peasants established the autonomous organization—Villagers' Committees. With the affirmation and support from government,villagers' autonomy system was popularized throughout our country. As the broadest and profoundest practice of Socialist democracy,'villagers' autonomy'attracts much attention of scholars,and then'rural politics'came into sight of people. From both theory and practice,scholars carry out a lot of studies to describe and analyze the foundation,the present situation,the problems,the solution of'villagers' autonomy'and they have obtained some achievements. However,there are few articles of reflection and summary for these studies. Who pays close attention to'villagers' autonomy'? what are they study on? What are the problems and drawbacks in the study of'villagers' autonomy'? How can we make some improvements? In terms of these problems,this paper attempts to develop a text analysis with methods of bibliometric and content analysis. After description and statistical analysis,this paper draws a conclusion that the current study of'villagers' autonomy'in China is still in the initial stage. Then it also put forward some drawbacks for the purpose of improving and developing study in this field.