试用亚里士多德的悲剧理论分析欧里庇得斯的《美狄亚》

An Analysis on Media Based on Aristotle's Theory of Tragedy

亚里士多德在《诗学》中运用大量篇幅讨论悲剧,剖析其艺术特征、构成要素,展示它的审美意义与价值。不仅讨论了悲剧的创作技巧,也在论述中阐述了他的美学思想。本文就亚里士多德对悲剧的相关理论,尤其是对悲剧六要素中的情节和人物方面的论述展开对古希腊著名悲剧《美狄亚》的文本分析,发现在情节的构造方面,《美狄亚》基本符合亚里士多德对完美悲剧的几大要求,而在人物性格塑造以及悲剧的作用方面与亚里士多德的观点有出入。

Aristotle's Poetics consists of 26 chapters and 17 of them are devoted to the discussion and theory construction of tragedy,to analyzes its artistic features,composing elements and its aesthetic meaning and value. According to him,there are six essential elements of a good tragedy: story,states of character,wording,thinking,spectacle and song-making. Using Aristotle's theory on tragedy,the first two elements-story and states of character in particular,as bench mark,this study analyzes Medea,a well known ancient Greek tragedy written by Euripides,to see whether it lives up to Aristotle's perspectives on tragedy and tragedy composition.And it is found that( 1) in terms of the build-up of story,Medea is in line with those criteria;( 2) while regarding the states of character,gaps exist between Medea and the perfect tragedy in Aristotle's standard.