从保教骁将到保教大敌——梁启超对孔教与宗教关系之认识与流变

Liang Qi-chao's Understanding and Change on the Relationship between Confucianism and Religion

戊戌时期梁启超追随其师康有为提倡保教,主张模仿基督教的形式以普及孔教。戊戌政变失败后梁启超东渡日本,接受日本关于宗教、哲学等方面的知识,由此反对保教,反对把孔教与宗教混为一谈。在民国初年的国教运动中,梁启超仍反对以教会、立国教的形式尊崇孔子。在梁启超对待孔教的态度中,经由日本发明、对译religion的"宗教"概念,是其取舍评价的重要因素。

During the Wuxu reform, Liang Qi-chao followed his teacher Kang You-wei to defend Confucianism. He advocated imitating the forms of Christianity in order to popularize Confucianism. With the failure of Wuxu reform,Liang Qi-chao fled to Japan. In Japan he got the knowledge of religion,philosophy,etc,thus opposed to confuse Confucianism and religion. During the National Religion Movement happened in early Republic of China,Liang Qi-chao still opposed to worship Confucius in the form of church and national religion. The concept of zongjiao which Japan invented to translate religion exercises a great influence on Liang Qi-chao's attitude to Confucianism.