马斯洛安全需要的文学解读——小说《潜鸟》中皮盖特人生悲剧的个案解析

Literary Interpretation on Maslow's Safety Needs——A Case Study on the Tragedy of Piquette in The Loons

由美国心理学家马斯洛提出的需求层次理论(Maslow’s hierarchy of needs),亦称"基本需求层次理论",多受管理者的青睐,对其针对性地激励下属起着非常重要的作用。该文则以马斯洛层次需要学说为理论基础,结合相关的心理学及社会文化学理论对加拿大作家玛格丽特·劳伦斯著名小说《潜鸟》中皮盖特的人生悲剧进行分析,论证了安全需要的功能机制,并从文学角度对安全需要的满足条件加以补充说明,从而阐明了依恋关系和社会文化对个体安全感获得的重要影响。

Maslow's hierarchy of needs first proposed by American psychologist Maslow has been widely adopted by team leaders in individual stimulation of the subordinates. However,based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs and a combination of relevance theories on psychological and social cultural study,the paper makes a thorough analysis on the tragedy of Piquette in the famous novel The Loons by Canadian writer Margaret Laurence,proves the functional mechanism of safety needs,and provides supplementary explanation of the requirements of safety needs from literary perspective and argues the impact of attachment and social culture on the individual sense of security.