黑龙江省青年/学生艾滋病疫情趋势与相关知识行为调查分析

Survey on variation trend of epidemic situation and relevant knowledge and behavior about HIV/AIDS among Youth/Students in Heilongjiang Province

目的了解黑龙江省青年学生人群艾滋病疫情态势,艾滋病知识知晓情况及相关行为特征。方法收集全国艾滋病综合防治信息系统中,黑龙江省2006-2012年上报病例资料,对15~24岁HIV/AIDS感染途径、病例来源等信息进行分析;采用分阶段整群抽样方法,对黑龙江省部分地市青年学生进行问卷调查,并采集静脉血进行人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、梅毒及丙肝抗体检测。结果黑龙江省2006-2012年各年度发现报告的15~24岁HIV/AIDS病例数及其在当年全部报告病例中的百分比构成均呈上升趋势;黑龙江省2012年共监测青年学生2 400人,人群艾滋病知识知晓率总体水平为88.3%;有过性经历的占14.1%,5.7%(136/2 400)的学生承认目前有配偶或同居的异性朋友;HIV抗体阳性检出率为0.04%,梅毒抗体及丙肝抗体均未检出阳性。结论黑龙江省青年/学生人群中艾滋病疫情蔓延速度加快,应提高对青年学生艾防宣教的针对性,增加外展服务、同伴教育等干预活动,加强青年学生中检测咨询工作。

Objective To understand the prevalence, knowledge status and related behavior characteristics of HIV/AIDS among the Youth/Students in Heilongjiang province. Methods To collect the data of reported cases in 2006-2012 of Heilongjiang province from the national HIV prevention and treatment information system, then analyze the youth with 15-24 year-old HIV/AIDS cases about the infection route, and source of cases, etc.; use the method of sampling the whole population in stages,to make the questionnaire survey on the young students from some cities in Heilongjiang province. And collect the venous blood to do antibody test of HIV、syphilis、hepatitis C. Results The quantity of the 15-24 year-old HIV/AIDS cases is growing, and also the percentage composition of all the reported cases in the same year. Which cases are from Heilongjiang provincial annual cases report in 2006-2012. A total of 2 400 young students were monitored in 2012 in Heilongjiang province, the analyzing result shows that, the overall level of HIV/AIDS knowledge awareness rate is reaching 88.3%, 14.1% of them have had sex behavior, and 5.7% of them confirm that having spouse or opposite sex friend with combination relationship; the positive detection rate of HIV antibody is 0.04%, and no positive cases of syphilis、hepatitis C antibody detection. Conclusion The spreading speed of HIV among the youth/students in Heilongjiang province is getting more quickly. We should improve the pertinence of prevention propaganda and education of young students, increase comprehensive intervention activities, such as outreach service and peer education, strengthen consulting work in the youth/students.