硝基苯废水处理技术的研究与应用进展

PRESENT RESEARCH STATUS ABOUT TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY OF NITROBENZENE-CONTAINING WASTEWATER

硝基苯废水作为一种具有高毒性和易积累性的优先控制污染物,其治理日益受到人们的关注。综述了目前国内外硝基苯废水处理技术的研究与应用进展,主要包括物理法、化学法、生物法及复合处理方法等。其中,物理法的处理工艺流程相对较简单,投资和运行成本中等,但是存在处理周期长、吸附剂稳定性差、回收率不高和未实际充分降解的问题。化学法具有反应速率快及效果明显的优点,但存在处理成本高且具有二次污染的问题。生物法操作简单,成本低廉且不存在二次污染,但含高浓度硝基苯类化合物的工业废水一般难以直接用生物法处理。提出物理法或化学法可作为预处理,提高硝基苯废水的可生化性,利用生物处理技术作为终端处理的复合处理方法将是硝基苯废水处理的主要方向。

Due to the high toxicity and easy accumulation in environment,nitrobenzene wastewater treatment has been serious concerned by scientific researchers. The treatment processes and research status for nitrobenzene wastewater,such as physical,chemical,biological and integrated methods were reviewed. Physical methods of treatment process are relatively simple and the investment as well as operating costs are not high,but the poor stability of adsorbent always causes the low nitrobenzene degradation rate. Moreover,nitrobenzene is not full degraded by this method. It has a high reaction rate and removal efficiency of nitrobenzene degradation by chemical process,however,the high cost and possibility secondary pollution limit its application. Biological method is characterized by econom and easy maintenance as well as no secondary pollution,but the original high concentration wastewater which may inhibit the activity of the microorganisms and it cannot be treated directly by biological method. Finally,it was pointed out that the integrated method with a biological progress as terminal treatment would be the ideal treatment technology.