固相反硝化去除循环水养殖系统中的硝酸盐

Research Progress on Nitrate Removal from Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Using Solid-phase Denitrification Process

循环水养殖与传统养殖方式相比,具有节水、节地、高密度集约化和排放可控的特点,符合可持续发展要求,是水产养殖业发展的必然趋势。水处理技术是决定循环水养殖系统能否稳定运行的关键技术。利用常规水处理技术(生物过滤)可以有效去除循环水产养殖系统中的氨氮、有机物和亚硝酸盐,使水质得到一定程度的净化,但常常造成硝酸盐的积累。文章综述了生物反硝化技术去除循环水养殖系统中硝酸盐的研究进展,重点讨论了一种新型的脱硝技术—固相反硝化的原理、影响因素及应用现状,并对其未来的核心研究方向进行了展望。

Compared with the traditional method,the recirculating aquaculture is provided with characteristics of saving water and land,intensification,high-density and emission controllable,which conforms to the requirements of sustainable development,and is the inevitable trend of aquaculture development.Water treatment technology is the key technology determining the stable operation of recirculating aquaculture systems.Ammonia nitrogen,organic matter and nitrite in circulating aquaculture systems can be effectively removed by using conventional water treatment technology(biological filtration).Although water quality can be improved by biological filtration,nitrate accumulation will occur in circulating aquaculture systems.Nitrate removal from recirculating aquaculture systems using biodenitrification technology was reviewed.Especially,a novel biodenitrification process,solid-phase denitrification was introduced,and its principle,influencing factors and research status were discussed.Finally,the future research emphasis and prospect were proposed.