南昌市新建建设项目二次供水系统预防性卫生学评价分析

Hygienic Evaluation on the Secondary Water Supply System for New Construction Projects in Nanchang

目的对江西省南昌市28家新建建设项目二次供水系统预防性卫生学评价结果进行分析,找出新建二次供水系统在设计中存在的问题,为保障二次供水安全提供技术依据。方法依据国家二次供水系统相关卫生法规和卫生标准,通过检查表法对28家新建建设项目的设计方案、可行性研究报告和卫生专篇等设计文件进行分析评价,找出可能存在的健康危害因素。结果全市28个新建二次供水系统中,选址、水源水质、水箱容积、水箱材质的合格率为100%;所有生活水箱均未与消防水箱共用且生活水箱内部无死水区;67.86%的设施管道未与非饮用水管道连接;53.57%的生活水箱的位置、入孔、爬梯、管道设计合理;89.29%的排气管、溢水管、排水管设有防虫网罩;64.29%的系统设置有防止水污染的设备;7.14%的系统设置有消毒器或预留安装消毒器的位置;所有输配水设备均无法提供具有省级以上卫生行政部门颁发的"产品卫生安全评价报告"。结论目前南昌市新建建设项目的二次供水系统在设计阶段均存在一些问题,卫生行政部门应该严格把关,要求业主严格按照相关卫生规范对设计进行修改,以免对今后二次供水系统的运行管理留下安全隐患。

Objectives To analyze the results of hygienic evaluation on the secondary water supply system in 28 new construction projects in Nanchang City of Jiangxi Province to find out the problems and to provide technical basis for the security of secondary water supply. Methods Based on the national health regulations and health standards relevant to secondary water supply system,a checklist was adopted to analyze and evaluate the design of proposals,feasibility study reports and special articles on health to find out the potential health hazards. Results In the 28 newly built secondary water supply systems,the qualified rates for site selection,water quality,volume of the tank and materials of the tank were 100%. All water tanks for living use were not shared with water tanks for firefighting,and there was no stagnant water area in domestic water tanks; 67. 86% of service conduits were not connected with non-drinking water pipelines; 53. 57% of designs for the position,manhole,ladder and pipeline of drinking water tanks were reasonable. Insect nets were equipped on 89. 29% of exhaust pipes,overflow tubes and drain pipes; 64. 29% of systems were equipped with preventive equipments against water pollution; 7. 14% of systems were equipped with sterilizers or reserved positions for installing sterilizers; no evaluation report issued by provincial or national health administrative departments was provided for the health and safety of all equipments in water distribution system. Conclusions The secondary water supply system in new construction projects in Nanchang City at design stage could not meet the requirements of health regulation. The designs should be strictlycontrolled and checked by relevant health administrative departments. The proprietors must modify their schemes in accordance with relevant health regulations to avoid potential safety hazards for the operation of secondary water supply system in the future.