基于产品质量差异的闭环供应链定价策略与协调研究

Study on Price Decision and Coordination of Closed-loop Supply Chain Based on Quality Difference of Product

闭环供应链运作中存在产品回收的逆向过程,从而由回收产品而生产的再制造产品与新产品之间存在质量差异,进而会引发不同的市场需求。基于此构建了由一个制造商和一个零售商组成的闭环供应链系统模型,并运用博弈理论分别在集中决策和分散决策两种情况下确定了最优产品定价策略与系统利润,并发现:供应链系统中通过集中决策来确定市场价格和回收价格的策略比分散决策要更低,系统利润也会相应的得到提高,为了使得系统中各个企业有实现集中决策确定定价策略的动力,给出了两种决策方式下差额利润的共享契约机制使得供应链系统达到协调。

Product recycling process exists in the closed-loop supply chain,so there are quality differences between Remanufacturing product and new product,which will lead to difference market demand.A closed-loop supply chain system model which has one manufacturer and retailer is built in this paper.Then game theory is used to determine the optimal product pricing strategy and system profit respectively in the centralized decision-making way and decentralized decision making way.It can be concluded that,the optimal product pricing when in the centralized decision-making is lower and the profit of the whole system is higher than in the decentralized decision making.In order to make the whole system have the motive to decide in the centralized way,the margin profit sharing policy is presented to achieve the coordination of the supply chain system in the end of this paper.