深圳市和惠州市在大亚湾海域排海系统的排口位置比选研究

A study on the optimum selection of outlet site of Shenzhen and Huizhou submarine discharge systems at Daya Bay.

近年来,沿海地区污水排海成为地表水环境整治的重要手段,但是污水排海对海洋环境的不良影响却不能忽视.,如何选择污水排海排口位置以减免对海洋环境影响一直是污水排海的关键问题之一.针对此问题,本文选取了深圳东部排海系统和惠州南部排海系统这一典型的案例的排口位置优选问题来进行研究.通过三维水环境数值模拟,比较分析了深圳和惠州分别排海或联合排海的六个方案下在四个备选排口位置(B1~B4)排海的环境影响.结果显示,所有方案中方案二(深圳和惠州分别在各自海域离岸较远的B2和B4排放)的环境影响最小;若深圳惠州合排的情况下,方案六(深圳和惠州在惠州海域离岸较远的B4排放)的环境影响最小;方案三(深圳和惠州在惠州海域大亚湾内的B3排放)的环境影响最大.基于以上数值模拟环境影响结果,按对环境影响最小为考虑,本研究认为采用方案二为最优排海方案,若必须两市合排,则采用方案六为最优排海方案,而方案三对环境影响最大,不建议采用.

In recent years, submarine discharge systems are become popular in coastal regions in order to reduce the waste load to inland rivers. However, impacts of waste water from submarine discharge systems on coastal waters could be significant. Environmental impacts of four submarine discharge sites(B1-B4) in Daya Bay were assessed by a three dimensional water quality model. Results showed that impact of plan 2(Shenzhen and Huizhou discharging to B2 and B4, respectively) on Daya Bay was negligible. In the case of Shenzhen and Huizhou discharging together, impact of plan 6(Shenzhen and Huizhou discharging to B4 together) on Daya Bay was not obvious. Impact of plan 3(Shenzhen and Huizhou discharging to B3 together) on Daya Bay was significant, which is not suggested to be implemented.