浙江省城乡高血压患者知信行及干预需求分析

Analysis on the Knowledge,Attitude,Practice and the Intervention Needs of Hypertension Patients in Urban and Rural Areas of Zhejiang Province

目的了解浙江省城乡高血压患者知性行情况及干预需求,为浙江省高血压防治工作提供参考依据。方法采用随机抽样的方法在一个选定的城市地区及一个选定的农村地区选取205名年龄在35岁以上的高血压患者作为调查对象。采用自行编制的《高血压患者相关知识、态度、行为和需求调查表》进行问卷调查。结果高血压相关知识知晓率方面,除个别问题之外,城市患者的知晓率普遍高于农村患者。在高血压控制信念的树立方面,城市与农村患者均超过80%,差异无统计学意义。在控制高血压相关行为方面,城市患者膳食控制的比例显著低于农村患者,而情绪控制等方面的比例显著高于农村患者。在高血压干预需求方面,城乡高血压患者均最希望得到合理饮食和适宜运动方面的指导。结论浙江省高血压患者总体健康教育效果较好,但存在一定的城乡不均衡,农村地区的健康教育力度需要加强。以社区为基础的高血压病人管理模式值得深入推广,社区基层卫生服务机构应重视营养学专业背景人员的引进工作。

Objective To analyze on the knowledge,attitude,practice and intervention needs of hypertension patients in urban and rural areas of Zhejiang,to provide the reference for the construction of provincial hypertension prevention and control protocol.Methods By random sampling method,205 subjects above 35 years old were selected from one chosen urban area and one chosen rural area of Zhejiang.A self-developed questionnaire was administered to collect relevant information.Results Except for several questions,the overall performance of urban patients excelled their rural counterparts on the knowledge of hypertension.The knowledge rate of urban and that of rural patients were about the same,and both of them surpassed 80%.As to the behaviors of hypertension control,the proportion of dietary control in urban patients was significantly lower than that of rural patients,while the proportion of mood control in urban patients was higher than that of rural patients.At last,in the field of intervention needs,both urban and rural patients were eager for the instruction on diet and exercise.Conclusion The overall effect of hypertension education is significant in Zhejiang.However,a regional unbalance was observed,so to further enhance health education in rural areas is needed.Community-based administrative mode of hypertension patients is suitable for intense promotion.Those rudimentary health care facilities need to recruit more nutriology professionals to meet the needs of hypertension patients.