蒸汽发生器水位的非方PID控制器设计

The Design of Non-Square PID Controller of Water Level for Steam Generator

蒸汽发生器(Steam Generator,SG)是压水堆核电厂一回路、二回路的枢纽设备,它用来将反应堆产生的热量传递给蒸汽发生器二次侧,并防止一回路的放射性物质外泄,蒸汽发生器水位控制的好坏将直接影响核电厂的安全性和经济性。为了进一步提高SG水位的动态控制性能,在分析给水流量与蒸汽流量对SG水位产生影响基础上,把该水位控制系统看作了一个两入一出的非方系统,之后使用广义预测控制设计此非方系统的控制器。为方便工程应用,把计算得出的广义预测控制器进一步降阶为PID形式分别在典型和非典型两种工况下进行了仿真研究,结果表明,与常规的PID控制系统输出相比,该控制策略能够实时快速的跟踪期望输出,具有更强的抗干扰能力,并且易于工程实现。

Steam generator(SG) is the key equipment in a pressurized-water-reactor(PWR)-based power plant.It is used to transfer the heat generated from the PWR to the secondary loop of the SG,and prevent the leakage of the radioactive materials from the primary loop.This paper first analyzes the effects of the feedwater flow on the steam flow and the SG water level,and treats the level control system as a two-input-one-output system.Then a generalized predictive control(GPC) method is adopted to design a non square controller to improve the control performance of the SG water level system.To implement the controller,the designed GPC is reduced to a PID controller.Simulation results at a typical and a non-typical operating condition show that the proposed controller can achieve better dynamic and disturbance rejection performances compared with the system without control and that with a conventional PID control.