论日本律令体制与王朝国家体制的更替——以土地制度的变革为中心(上)

Renewal of the Ritsuryo System and the Royal State System in Japan: Based on the Reformation of the Land System (Ⅰ)

日本自645年大化改新后逐步建立起中央集权的律令体制国家,支撑起律令国家体制的经济基础是公地公民制以及为确保王权对土地的绝对支配权而实施的班田收授法与租庸调制。但公地公民制自身存在的历史局限性导致其必定会被历史所淘汰。本文主要以土地制度的演变与上层建筑所发生的变化之间存在的深层联系为主线,从公地公民制的确立、崩溃到初期庄园制的形成来论述日本律令制与王朝国家体制更替的内在原因与背景。

Since the Taika Reform in 645 AD,Japan has been transformed into a centralized country of Ritsuryo System,the economic basis of which was based on Handen Shuju-no-ho and Zu-Yong-Diao System in order to certify the absolute royal control over land,and on Kouchikominsei.But Kouchikominsei was destined to be discarded due to its inherent historical limitations.Thus,taking on the deep-rooted relations between the evolution of the land system and the changes in the superstructure as the main line,the essay is to analyze the causes and background of the renewal of the Ritsuryo System and the Royal State System in Japan through the establishment and collapse of Kouchikominsei,as well as the formation of the preliminary manorial system.