东营市鸟类栖息地保护的景观规划途径

Landscape Approaches in Avian Habitat Conservation of Dongying

东营市位于黄河三角洲地区,市域内有以黄河入海口为典型代表的河口湿地生态系统类型,是我国和国际上重要的鸟类栖息地、繁殖地和中转站。在经济快速发展、景观剧烈变化的背景下,该区域的鸟类栖息地面临不断丧失和环境改变的压力。研究采用景观安全格局理论与方法,选取在栖息地类型、生物学特征等各方面具有代表性的黑嘴鸥(Larus saundersi)和大白鹭(Egretta alba)作为指示物种,对东营市的鸟类栖息地进行分析评价,构建了东营市鸟类栖息地保护安全格局并对其可实施性进行探讨。研究成果可为东营市鸟类生物多样性保护和生态建设提供决策依据。

Dongying, located in the region of Yellow River Delta, has estuary wetland ecosystem which is characterized by the Yellow River estuarine wetland. It is an internationally and domestically important avian habitat, breeding site and resting place during the migration. As the economy develops rapidly and the landscape changes dramatically, avian habitats in this region are facing the pressure of habitat loss and environment change. The paper applies Yu's (1996) Security Pattern Theory which identifies landscape areas and elements of critical significance in safeguarding the process of species maintenance and dispersal.According to the definition of indicator species and a set of specific criteria,Saunders's Gull (Larus saundersi) and Great Egret (Egretta alba) were chosen as indicator species for Dongying among hundreds of candidate species,mainly because of their varied biological characteristics,and the threatened typical habitat types they represent,which are assumed to represent most of the habitats in the whole region.The paper analyses suitability of avian habitat, builds the avian habitat conservation security pattern and explores whether it can be implemented. The research results could provide a defensible decision-making basis for avian biodiversity conservation, ecological construction in Dongying.