南宋张鎡《玉照堂梅品》赏花审美思想探微

A tentative study on the aesthetic thought of appreciating Mei flower in Yuzhaotang Meipin written by Zhang Zi of Southern Song Dynasty

张鎡的《玉照堂梅品》(1194年)是全世界首部以记梅花欣赏标准为主的奇书。从张鎡《玉照堂梅品》所开列出的赏梅活动中审美主体(赏梅人)的文化修养条件,我们可以充分体会到南宋梅花观赏忌俗求雅的审美趣味,这与宋代文人在审美追求上的嗜"雅"风尚一脉相承。《玉照堂梅品》专门介绍如何欣赏梅花,张鎡倡导赏花者与花结友、与花比德,进而将自己真挚高洁的情感注入自己创造的花卉艺术形象之中,形成最浓郁的赏花雅趣,创造出最具文化底蕴的赏花审美活动方式,潜移默化地滋润、净化赏花人的心田。

Yuzhaotang Meipin( appreciating Mei flower)( in 1194) written by Zhang Zi is the first book which recorded the standards of appreciating Mei flower around the world. From the cultural attainment conditions for the appreciators when appreciating Mei flower which he listed in this book,we can fully fathom the aesthetic taste that avoided being vulgar and sought to be refined,which is consistent with the fashion of pursing elegant aesthetic appreciation of literati during the Southern Song Dynasty. The book of Yuzhaotang Meipin specifically introduced how to appreciate Mei flowers,and Zhang Zi proposed to make friends through flowers,and then poured one's high-minded and sincere emotions into flower art images created by oneself,thus forming rich elegant taste of appreciating flowers and creating aesthetic activities with rich cultural deposits,nourishing and purifying appreciators' soul imperceptibly.