基于土地利用的上海市碳足迹研究

CARBON FOOTPRINT IN SHANGHAI BASED ON LAND USE

利用遥感影像,提取上海地区的土地利用数据并分析其土地利用特点,根据《IPCC国际温室气体清单指南》中的缺省值法,结合社会统计年鉴,对上海市不同土地利用类型的碳排放进行核算;在此基础上对1995年、2000年和2010年不同土地利用的碳足迹进行计算、评估,并提出相应的低碳调控策略。结果表明:总碳排放一直呈现上升趋势,从1995年的3 352.06万t上升到2010年的4 332.65万t;由于人口的增长,人均碳足迹却由1995年的0.63hm2/人下降到2010年的0.50hm2/人。建设用地是主要碳源,林地是主要碳汇,森林碳足迹和煤炭能源碳足迹是主要的碳足迹,林地、草地等碳汇增加远小于建设用地碳源的增加,碳足迹赤字逐年扩大。

This paper took Shanghai for example,based on the remote sensing image of research area,estimated carbon emission and carbon footprint of different land use patterns by using carbon emission model and carbon footprint model.The data of land use in Shanghai area was extracted,and the characteristics of land use were analyzed by using remote sensing image of the area.Based on the default values of IPCC Guideline for National Greenhouse-Gas Emission Inventory and the regional social statistical yearbooks,the different land use carbon emissions of this area were calculated.On this basis and combined with the utilization of the land in this region,carbon footprints of Shanghai in 1995,2000 and 2010 were evaluated,and then the corresponding low carbon regulation strategy was proposed.The conclusions can be drawn as follows.The total carbon emissions rose from 33,520,600tons in 1995to 43,326,500tons in 2010,while the per capita carbon footprint decreased from 0.63hm2/p in 1995to 0.5hm2/p in 2010,because of the population growth.The main carbon source was construction land,the main carbon sink was woodland,and the main carbon footprint were forest carbon footprint and coal energy carbon footprint.The carbon sinks such as forest land and grassland area also increased,but far less than the rate of increase of construction land area,thus the carbon footprint deficit had expanded each year.The results showed a great increase in carbon footprint and it was severe to reduce the carbon footprint.At last,some suggestions were put forward for further effort to reduce carbon footprint,such as improving the energy production and consumption structure,strengthening the regional ecological management,enhancing the carbon efficiency of land,which can effectively reduce the area of carbon footprint.Finally,some shortages of this research as well as suggestions for further studies on more detailed relationships between different land use patterns and carbon footprint were put forward.