湿地植物根系生长动态及其环境响应性研究进展

RESEARCH PROGRESS OF GROWTH DYNAMICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ADAPTABILITY OF ROOTS OF WETLAND PLANTS

湿地植物根系生理生态特征研究一直是湿地科学研究领域的热点与前沿。由于其独特的水文特征与潜育化土壤环境,湿地植物根系生长过程及其对环境的适应机制近年来更是受到研究人员的关注。总结了近年来湿地植物根系生长动态研究方面的已有成果,综合论述了湿地环境对湿地植物根系的影响及其作用机制,重点归纳了湿地水文过程、土壤水分、土壤养分以及土壤其他因子对湿地植物根系生理生态特征的影响。加强植物根系对湿地土壤环境的适应性过程与机制研究的归纳总结,有助于掌握湿地环境根际微生态系统研究动态,了解湿地植物群落的生态演替及演化机制。

The study of characteristics of physiology and ecology and adaptability of environment has always been hot issues for many years in the domain of wetland ecology science.Due to the unique characteristics of hydrology and the gleization of soil environment,the adaptation mechanisms of wetland plant roots to surrounding environment have aroused public attentions.This paper focused on the significance of the wetland plant roots.The growth dynamics of the wetland plant roots were summarized based on the preview studies in recent years.The influenced relations and the action mechanisms of the wetland environment on the wetland plant roots were comprehensively discussed in the paper.We also investigated the influences of the impact factors in the wetland environment on the growth and physiological development of the wetland plant roots.The impact factors included hydrological process,soil moisture,soil nutrients and so on,all of which had important effects on the wetland plant roots.The roots played an important part in the wetland plant population and community.They were like a kind of transmission links that linked the material circulation and energy flow of the wetland environment and the plants.The wetland plant roots were considered as the dynamic interface between the soils and plants.The development of the roots and the surrounding wetland environment influenced each other.In the development process of the plant community,the growth and distribution and functional characteristics of the roots would be correspondingly changed as the environmental impact factors changed.The formation of the physiological and ecological adaptability of the wetland plant roots was an important manifestation of the survival ability to adapt the changes of the wetland soil environment.Strengthening the studies of the adaptive process and mechanism of the wetland soil environment on the roots could assist in grasping the dynamics change of the rhizosphere micro-ecosystem and understanding the ecology succession and evolution of the wetland plant community.