湖北省近50年风灾灾情分布特征分析

DISTRIBUTIONS OF WIND DISASTERS OF HUBEI PROVINCE IN RECENT 50 YEARS

风灾是湖北省主要的气象灾害之一,每年对高层建筑施工、电力、通信设施等造成较大损失,还给农业生产带来严重影响。利用湖北省1963～2011年的风灾灾情资料,分析了全省各地风灾灾情发生的频次及分布特征。结果表明:湖北省的风灾灾情与地理分布相关,全省风灾灾情可分为4个区域带,兴山-保康、宣恩、五峰-宜昌、荆州-公安一带,是风灾灾情出现的最大风险区,其中兴山、长阳两地为最高发频次地区,而鄂西北等地很少出现风灾灾情;其次,这些灾情,季节性较强,93.9%风灾灾情出现在春夏两季,而秋冬两季出现风灾灾情较少;从1963～2011的风灾灾情5个10a统计资料来看,风灾灾情出现增加的趋势,两个高峰年相隔约25a,而高峰灾年3a左右。

Wind disaster is one of the meteorological disasters of Hubei Province,causing huge damages not only in building construction,electric power devices,and communication facilities,but also in agricultural production.Based on the historical data of the wind disasters in Hubei Province during the period of 1963-2011,this study analyzed the recurrence features of wind disasters occurred in Hubei provincial region.The results demonstrated that the wind disasters distributed significantly geography dependent.The provincial wind disasters showed four zones.The highest-risk region suffering from wind disasters was located at Xingshan-Baokang,Xuanen,Wufeng-Yichang,Jingzhou-Gongan,in which Xingshan and Changyang suffered the most wind disasters.On the contrary,Northwest Hubei suffered the fewest-risk wind disasters.Moreover,these disasters appeared seasoning dependent.93% the disasters occurred in spring and summer,much more than that happened in autumn and winter.Decadal analysis of the data during 1963-2011showed an increasing tendency of the disaster occurrence with time.The peak interval of the disaster was about 25 years,and the peak period was about 3 years.