肝切除患者围手术期营养支持的护理作用

Perioperative clinical care of parenteral and enteral nutrition supports in post-hepatectomy patients

目的 评述肝切除患者围手术期营养支持的护理作用.方法 146例接受肝切除手术的患者人院后进行营养风险筛查,术前给予肠内营养,术后进行肠外和肠内营养支持,围绕术后营养指标变化、临床部分结局指标,就诊治过程中的各种护理方法进行总结.结果 146例患者营养风险筛查评分≥3分者91例,＜3分者55例;接受肠外肠内营养支持者118例,平均肠内营养支持时间9.6 d,平均肠外营养支持时间5.4d;术后平均肛门排气时间(70.7±17.1)h;死亡3例,术后感染15例次,其他并发症13例,中位住院习25.5 d.结论 肝切除患者人院后应进行营养风险筛查,围手术期营养支持以肠内营养为主,术后需要联合肠外营养,强化护理作用是实施营养支持的保障.

Objective To summarize the perioperative clinical care experience of parenteral and enteral nutrition supports in post-hepatectomy patients.Methods The clinical data of 146 consecutive post-hepatectomy patients in Beijing Hospital were collected and analyzed.For these patients,nutritional risk screening (NRS) 2002 was performed after admission,enteral nutrition support was provided before operation,and enteral and parenteral nutrition supports were provided after operation.Nutritional parameters,clinical outcomes,and nursing methods were evaluated.Results Among these 146 patients,91 patients had≥3 NRS2000 scores,and the remaining 55 patients scored ＜ 3.A total of 118 patients were administrated with enteral and pareteral nutrition;the average enferal nutrition time was 9.6 days,and the average pareteral nutrition time was 5.4 days.The average onset time of passage of gas by anus afar operation was (70.7±17.1) hours.Three patients died,15 patients suffered from infections after operation,and 13 patients experienced other complications.The median hospital stay was 25.5 days.Conclusions Post-hepatectomy patients need take nutritional risk screening after admission and receive appropriate nutritional supports in the perioperative period.It is equally important to strengthen clinical nursing for nutrition support.