重症患者肠内营养及生长激素治疗的疗效观察

Effectiveness of enteral nutrition support and growth hormone treatment in critically ill patients

目的 探讨早期肠内营养(EN)和生长激素(GH)对危重病患者救治的效果.方法 70例危重患者随机分为EN组和EN+GH组.两组营养支持均等热量、等氮量.分别于营养支持前后检测血生化、营养状态指标及肠道黏膜通透性.营养支持治疗10 d后测定两组的免疫学指标与T细胞亚群.营养支持期间每天测定氮平衡,并计算累计氮平衡.结果 EN+GH组体重、白蛋白、转铁蛋白水平的改善优于EN组,但差异无显著性(P＞0.05),而EN+GH组前白蛋白、纤维连接蛋白显著高于EN组(P＜0.05).EN+GH组IgA水平显著低于EN组,而CD4、NK水平显著高于EN组(P＜0.05).EN+GH组肠道通透性显著低于EN组(P＜0.05).EN+GH组累计氮平衡为正氮平衡,而EN组为负氮平衡,二者之间差异具有显著性(P＜0.05).结论 早期EN支持能迅速改善危重患者营养状态,减少并发症,适量应用GH能增强免疫功能,降低致残率和死亡率.

Objective To explore the effectiveness of early enteral nutrition (EN) support and growth hormone (GH) treatment in critically ill patients.Methods Seventy critically ill patients were randomly divided into early EN support group and early EN support plus GH treatment group.The nutrition intakes were isonitrogenic and isocalorie in these two groups.Body weight,blood biochemistry,nutritional statues,and lactulose/mannitol levels were measured or analyzed before and after nutrition support.Immunologic functions were analyzed after ten days.Nitrogen balance was measured daily.Results The changes of body weight,albumin level,and transferrin level were more obvious in the EN + GH group than those in the EN group without significant difference (P ＞0.05).The changes of prealbumin and fibronectin in the EN + GH group were significantly higher than those in the EN group (P ＜ 0.05).The level of IgA in the EN + GH group was significantly lower than that in the EN group,while the levels of CD4 and NK in the EN + GH group was significandy higher than those in the EN group (P ＜0.05).The gut barrier function in the EN + GH group was superior to that in the EN group during nutrition support (P ＜0.05).Nitrogen balance was positive in the EN + GH group and negative in the EN group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Early EN can improve the nutritional status and reduce complications in critically ill patients.GH treatment may strengthen the immune function and remarkably decrease the disability and mortality in critically ill patients.