青霉菌灭活菌丝体对烤烟漂浮育苗生长和抵抗烟草花叶病的影响

The Effecf of Dry Mycelium of Penicillium chrysogenum on the Growth of Flue-cured Tobacco on Floating System and Resistance against Tobacco Mosaic under Field Conditions

以红花大金元烟草品种为材料,分别在嵩明、宜良两个烟区研究了不同浓度的青霉菌灭活菌丝体(DMP)对烟草漂浮育苗成苗状况、生物学特性及大田苗期跟踪抗烟草花叶病试验,结果表明:在漂浮育苗基质中随着拌入DMP浓度的增加,烟苗株高、茎直径、地上部干重和根干重增加,但是,嵩明试验点当DMP处理浓度大于0.4 g/株时烟苗株高和地上部干重下降。同时,当DMP处理浓度大于0.4 g/株时与对照相比出苗时间推迟2～12 d,出苗率降低8.6%～35.2%,成苗率降低10.7%～54.1%;而当DMP处理浓度小于0.4 g/株时对出苗时间、出苗率和成苗没有明显影响。DMP苗期处理烟苗在大田期烟草花叶病病情指数明显降低,防治效果达50%～77%。综合成苗状况、烟苗素质,建议生产中DMP苗期处理的最佳浓度为0.1～0.4 g/株。

In this study,Nicotinan tobacum L.var.Honghuadajinyuan was used to test the effects of different concentrations of dry mycelium of Penicillium chrysogenum(DMP),on the seeding status of tobacco float breeding technique,biological characteristics of tobacco plants and anti-tobacco mosaic of tobacco plants in seedling stage,in two tobacco-producing areas of Songming and Yiliang.The results showed that: the tobacco seedlings,plant height,stem diameter,shoot dry weight and root dry weight increased while the DMP concentration was increasing in the floating breeding technique.However,the seedling height and shoot dry weight was decreased when the DMP concentration was more than 0.4 g on each plant in Songming.Meanwhile,when the DMP concentration was greater than 0.4 g on each plant compared with the contrast the time of sprout will delay 2-12 days,the germination rate was decreased by 8.6%-35.2%,the sprout rate was declined by 10.7%-54.1% compared with the control.And no significant effects was found on the time of sprout,germination rate and sprout rate when the DMP concentration was less than 0.4 g on each plant.The treatment of DMP on tobacco seedlings could significantly reduce disease index of tobacco mosaic with the control effect of 50%-77% in the field,it is 0.1-0.4 g of DMP concentration was recommended to each tobacco plant in the seedling production processing based on seedling status and tobacco seedlings quality.